01 / Write down the promise.
Choose one actual search, ad or recommendation. Write: “This person arrives because … and expects …”. If you are planning a new site, use a clearly labelled assumption and test it with a relevant person.
02 / Let someone explain it.
Show the page without your explanation. Ask: Who is this for? What would change for you? What does this business actually do? Write down their words, including misunderstandings.
03 / Find the missing evidence.
Ask what they would need to know or see before taking the next step. It might be a relevant project, a clearer scope or who will answer. Add genuine evidence; a decorative badge will not answer a specific doubt.
04 / Complete the next step.
Try the complete task on a phone, including correction and recovery from an error. In a production system, verify the actual recipient in an authorised test. In a preview, distinguish a visible completion state from a real receipt.
05 / Keep one useful learning.
Record: visitor situation, source, language, missing answer, proposed change and what you will observe. Keep the negative case: what would show that the page is already doing its job? You now have a better starting point than “make it more modern”.